Gs art and culture temple architecture upsc preparation. There are many subdivisions of nagara temples depending on the shape of the shikhara. All structured data from the file and property namespaces is available under the creative commons cc0 license. Examine the nagara and dravida style of temple architecture. Download as pptx, pdf, txt or read online from scribd. The most representative temples of this style are found in north india and deccan. For example, various substyles of nagara architecture are found vis vis odisha school, solanki school, and khajuraho school etc. No doubt that reading is the simplest way for humans to derive and constructing meaning in order to gain a particular knowledge from a source. Architecture of hindu temples hindu temples in india. Nagara temples can be subdivided mainly into three based on the shikhara type. It is a cavelike sanctum which houses the main icon of the.
The nagara or north indian temple style translation in. Nagara, dravida and vesara temple architectural style along with buddhist and jain architecture will. The nagara style exhibits distinct varieties in elaboration. The nagara or north indian temple style translation in hindi. Around this chamber there are often other structures and buildings, in the. Dravidian south and nagara north style temples by aamod kumar karmaksh 2012uar1771 arun kumar 2012uar1677 naveen sonkaria 2012uar1732 slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with relevant advertising. Important historical monuments of india volume 12017 2. What is the difference between dravida and nagar style of. Themes such as water architecture and the architecture of science also figure prominently, giving many westerners their first glimpse of these styles. It is a scoring area which can be cover with minimum efforts. N cert notes on important topics for the ias aspirants. Temple architecture in india ncert notes pdf download. The vesara style if defined as beginning only with the western chalukyas in the late 10thcentury contains elements of both dravida and nagara styles.
Chapter 8 postgupta period i 600ad 750ad civilsdaily. This week we bring to you some best architecture books that are available for free online, you may download more. North indian temple architecture, style of architecture produced throughout northern india and as far south as bijapur district in northern karnataka state, characterized by its distinctive shikhara, a superstructure, tower, or spire above the garbhagriha wombroom, a small sanctuary housing the main image or emblem of the temple deity. Nagara in north india dravida in south india at times, the vesara style of temples as an independent style created through the mixing of nagara and dravida orders. A style may include such elements as form, method of construction, building materials, and regional character. This tendency has been digitized when books evolve into digital media equivalent ebooks. Nagara is the style of temple architecture which became popular in northern india. The informative text, complemented by 400 photographs, watercolors, maps and plans, provide compelling evidence. This style reduces the height of the individual tiers without reducing their number resulting in a reduction in the height of the temple towers. Jagannatha puri temple is another example of this style. This shows how similar architectural developments were incorporated in both religions. Now customize the name of a clipboard to store your clips. Aug 11, 2016 vesara style is basically a fusion of nagara and dravida styles and not very defined.
According to some, the style was started by the chalukyas of badami 500753ad whose early chalukya or badami chalukya architecture built temples in a style that mixed some features of the nagara and the dravida styles, for example using both the northern shikhara and southern vimana type of superstructure over the sanctum in different temples. These notes will also be useful for other competitive exams like banking po, ssc, state civil services exams and so on. It is reflected in the multitude details of figured sculpture as well as in the architectural elements. The style now called vesara bridges and combines elements of the nagara and the dravida styles, it probably reflects one of the. The orissan temple architecture ranging from 7th to th century a. By the eighth century the nagara style emerges in its characteristic form. Classic example of the late gupta period temple architecture. Module 3 dravidian free download as powerpoint presentation. Pdf art and architecture of the regional styles 750 ad. An architectural style is characterized by the features that make a building or other structure notable and historically identifiable. At times, the vesar style of temples as an independent style created through the selective mixing of the nagara and dravida orders is mentioned by some scholars.
Pdf art and architecture of the regional styles 750 ad to c. The temples in uttaranchal were usually made in nagara style of architecture or the. Identify and synthesize the geometry and structural. Nov 14, 20 this is the name given to an architectural style that evolved in karnataka during the medieval centuries and combined both the nagara and the dravida styles. The architecture of the hoysalas is a hybrid of the nagara style of temple architecture of north india and the dravidian style from the south. Art and architecture of the regional styles 750 ad to c. In particular the shape of the superstructure over the sanctum is usually pyramidal in profile, and shorter than the northern shikhara tower. They built many temples following the nagara or north indian style and dravida or south indian style.
Temple architecture and sculpture hindu, buddhist and jain. Jul 03, 2017 art and culture nagara style of temple architecture seekhshit. Most of the art and architectural remains that survive from ancient. Chalukyan architecture is a combination of nagara and dravida and hence. Nov 09, 2017 the chalukyas of badami have made marvelous contributions to indian art and architecture. The indian silpasastras recognize mainly three categories of the temple style, the nagara, dravida and vesara, but there was also another style very prominent, known as. In this post, let us see the chalukya architecuture in detail.
What are the features of temple architecture contrasted. At times, the vesara style of temples is also found as an independent style, created through the selective mixing of the nagara and dravida orders. Nagara style of temple architecture is said to be the successor of this stage. North indian temple architecture pdf north indian temple architecture, style of architecture produced throughout northern india and as far south as bijapur district in northern. Feb 20, 2015 dravidian south and nagara north style temples by aamod kumar karmaksh 2012uar1771 arun kumar 2012uar1677 naveen sonkaria 2012uar1732 slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with relevant advertising. This article talks about temple architecture for upsc preparation. The most remarkable architectural achievement of the hoysala is the numerous intricately carved stone temples in star shaped plans.
Schools of temple architecture in india there were three major schools of temple architecture in india i. Pdf she identifies fractal like qualilties in north indian temples of the nagara style as well as south indian temples of the dravida style find, read and cite all the research you need on. Module 3 dravidian religious architecture architectural. This classification is based on different architectural styles, employed in the. It is common here to build an entire temple on a stone platform with steps leading up to it. Pdf building science of indian temple architecture researchgate. Most architecture can be classified as a chronology of styles which change over time reflecting changing fashions, beliefs and religions, or the. The following ebook contains a list of most important historical monuments of india. Although there are numerous regional variants of the architecture of the hindu temple, they can basically be classifed under the nagara or the north indian and the dravida or the south indian styles. Nagara style was developed regionally each region manifesting its own particular qualities. The nagara style is typically characterized by the architectural wonder.
The origin of the hindu temple is said to be the ancient basic circle of stones within which one cherished holy relics, human or divine. Vesara style is basically a fusion of nagara and dravida styles and not very defined. For example the ornate temples look more of the tamil country style. Introduction to indian architecture bindia thapar download.
The rulers of yesteryears built some of the intricately carved and exquisite places of worship. Files are available under licenses specified on their description page. North indian temple architecture architectural style. Mandapasor rockcut caves are sanctuaries or temples covered with basreliefs. Nagara style of architecture, developed during the 5th century, is an emblem of architectural wonder and is scattered through out various regions of the country. Both nagara and dravidian temples consist of a main shrine vimana which houses the inner sanctum known as grabha griha literally womb chamber, topped by a pyramidal. The height of the temple towers reduced even though the numbers of tiers are retained. Indian temple architecture evolution, type, design layout. Three main style of temple architecture are the nagara or the northern style, the dravida or the southern style and the vesara or mixed style. The lingaraja temple, dating from 11th century, is one of the grandest and is regarded as a gem of nagara architectural style. Making their palaces in using the islamic style architecture was no taboo to the otherwise hindu kingdom. In north india it is common for an entire temple to be built on a stone platform with steps leading up to it. Indian temple architecture evolution, type, design. This classification is based on different architectural styles, employed in the construction of the temples.
Oct 20, 2016 temple architecture of india, cave temples, rock cut temple, structural temple, nagara, dravida, vesara style, pallava, ellora. You can expect 1 or 2 questions in the general awareness section of bank and government exams from this topic. Some of the beautiful monuments in hampi are made out of a brilliant mix of the hindu and islamic style of architecture, popularly called as the indo sarasanic architecture. Built in 8 th century by queen lokamahadevi to commemorate her husbands vikramaditya iis victory over. The dravidian architectural style is associated with the temples of southern india or deccan. Building of stambha mandapa navaranga and sukhanasi along with the garbhagriha was a unique contribution of the chalukyas. Temple architecture temple architecture in any part of india has always been patronized by the kings and people ruling there as a way to leave an imprint on the pages of history. Under dravidian architecture, we have also seen the comparison between pallava and chola architecture. In plan the walls and superstructure are broadly circular, or a straightsided cone, though its. Perhaps the most important part of the ancient indian temples is decoration. The temples of khajuraho are instead famous for the eroticism etched on its walls in the form of sculptures.
Temple architecture in any part of india has always been patronized by the kings and people ruling there as a way to leave an imprint on the pages of history. Unlike in south india, it doesnt usually have elaborate boundary walls or gateways. Art and culture nagara style of temple architecture youtube. Learn the following ebook and it might just get you brownie points in your. The temple belonging to the nagara style of architecture may be seen from the himalaya to the north of bijapur district in. The nagara style is typically characterised by the architectural wonder, which ideally portrayed the craftsmanship of the artists. The temple of rivage, with thousands of sculptures to the glory of shiva cut stone. The temple belonging to the nagara style of architecture may be seen from the himalaya to the north of bijapur district in the south, from the punjab in the west to bengal to the east. In the last article, we have seen the broad outline of temple architecture styles in india nagara, dravida and vesara and chola architecture in particular. Hindu temple architecture as the main form of hindu architecture has many varieties of style. Indian temple architecture prelims 2018,art and culture. Nagara, dravidian and vesara which are discussed below. Ancient indian temples are classified in three broad types. From the architecture and imagery, it is known that the temple was built in early 6th century ce.
Indian temple architecture can be broadly divided into two schools. Clipping is a handy way to collect important slides you want to go back to later. The chalukyas of badami have made marvelous contributions to indian art and architecture. Sep 17, 2018 schools of temple architecture in india there were three major schools of temple architecture in india i. Iconography is a branch of art history which studies the images of deities it consists of identification of image based on certain symbols and mythology associated with them. Khajuraho temples are a pinnacle of the north indian nagara architectural style. Jun 26, 2015 the origin of the hindu temple is said to be the ancient basic circle of stones within which one cherished holy relics, human or divine. The style of temple architecture that became popular in northern india is known as nagara. D, asm, tte, food sub inspector, wb police, gram panchayat, postal assistant, agriculture, court, psc, lic, cmat and all other state level public service commission exams. What is the difference between dravida and nagara style of architecture.
It is the hindu temple where the contact between man and gods take place and it is also where a man progresses from the world of illusion to knowledge and truth and thus, a temple is not only a place to worship but an object to worship as well michell 6162. Up gk is important for the aspirants who are preparing for uttar pradesh state exams like uppsc pcs, lower pcs, etc. You could say nagara and dravida styles merge into a new stylized form and the term vesara is ge. Further, unlike in south india it does not usually have elaborate boundary walls or gateways. Architecture of a vishnu temple, nagara style, 1915. Though broadly they come under the northern style or nagara style. Temple architecture uttarakhand temple architecture of. What are the features of temple architecture contrasted with. The third category is called dravida style found in south india. It is a fusion style of both nagara and dravida styles of temple architecture temples built but later chalukyas of kalyani and hoysalas are considered as the examples of vesara style. We will briefly examine aspects of these styles as explained in ancient texts like the mayamata, tantrasamuchchaya and suprabhedagama and their commonalities.